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Abstract Full-Text PDF Full-Text HTML Full-Text ePUB Linked References How to Cite this Article The Scientific World Journal Volume 2014 (2014), Article flower shop ID 254867, 6 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/254867
1 Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University flower shop Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, flower shop Malaysia 2 Department of Agribusiness and Information System, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, flower shop 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 3 Agro Technology Park, MARDI Cameron Highlands, Tanah Rata, 39007 Pahang, Malaysia
Influences of irrigation frequency on the growth and flowering of chrysanthemum grown under restricted root volume were tested. Chrysanthemum cuttings flower shop ( Chrysanthemum morifolium “Reagan White”) were grown in seedling tray which contained coconut peat in volumes of 73 and 140 cm 3 . Plants were irrigated with drip irrigation at irrigation frequencies of 4 (266 mL), 6 (400 mL), and 8 (533 mL) times/day to observe their growth and flowering performances. There was interaction between irrigation frequency and substrate volume on plant height of chrysanthemum. Plants grown in 140 cm 3 substrates and irrigated 6 times/day produced the tallest plant of 109.25 cm. Plants irrigated 6 and 8 times/day had significantly higher level of phosphorus content in their leaves than those plants irrigated 4 times/day. The total leaf area, number of internodes, leaf length, and leaf width of chrysanthemums grown in 140 cm 3 substrate were significantly higher than those grown in 73 cm 3 substrate. The numbers of flowers were affected by both irrigation flower shop frequencies and substrate volumes. Chrysanthemums irrigated 8 times/day had an average of 19.56 flowers while those irrigated 4 times/day had an average of 16.63 flowers. Increasing irrigation frequency can improve the growth and flowering of chrysanthemums in small substrate volumes. flower shop 1. Introduction
Many soilless systems have been studied for growing cut chrysanthemums. However, the production flower shop of chrysanthemum in soilless culture still has some problems to be resolved. Chrysanthemum grown in hydroponic systems flower shop was easily infected by Pythium [ 1 , 2 ]. Growing them in substrate flower shop had greater possibility for commercial production such as in sand culture [ 3 ]. However, using a high amount of substrate will increase production costs for replacing the substrate. Reducing substrate volume can be a possible solution for production in substrate culture [ 4 ]. To date, there have been few studies on the growth and flowering response of cut chrysanthemums in substrates of limited volume.
Restricted root volume will limit water and nutrient availability. Many studies have reported that higher frequencies of irrigation can improve plant growth in such limited flower shop substrates [ 5 , 6 ]. High irrigation frequency can maintain moisture content at the root zone of plants grown in restricted substrate volume [ 7 ]. Moreover, high irrigation frequency can improve the uptake of nutrients through the replenishment of nutrients in the root zone and improve transport of nutrients by mass flow [ 8 ]. Röber and Hafez [ 9 ] found that chrysanthemum grown in substrates with high moisture produced high weights of shoots and flowers.
Chrysanthemums flower shop that were grown in rockwool and given nutrients 1 or 3 times/day flower shop produced satisfactory growth [ 10 ]. In the case of nutrient film technique, vegetative growth of chrysanthemums in substrates flower shop of volume less than 100 mL can be maintained by fertigation 8 times/day [ 11 ]. Gisleröd [ 12 ] found that irrigation frequency for growing cut chrysanthemum in substrate depended on the season and variety. The optimal frequency of irrigation should be tested for different substrates [ 13 ]. This experiment investigated the effects flower shop of irrigation frequency on the growth and flowering of cut chrysanthemum grown in restricted root volumes. flower shop 2. Materials and Methods
The experiment was conducted from March, 2014, to June, 2014, at Agro Technology Park, Malaysia Agriculture flower shop and Development Institute, flower shop Pahang, Malaysia, in a shade house with an average temperature of 25.8°C and relative humidity of 70.50%. Rooted cuttings of Chrysanthemum morifolium flower shop “Reagan White” were grown in coconut peat at 73 and 140 cm 3 volumes contained in seedling trays and a plant density of 64 plant/m 2